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• Who attended the Conference: Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA), Winston Churchill (UK), Joseph Stalin (USSR)
• What happened: The three powers discussed the post-war reorganisation of Europe, the future of Germany and its allies and the United Nations. Key agreements:
Division of Germany: Germany to be divided into occupation zones controlled by the Allies.
United Nations: Agreement on the formation of the United Nations, including the Security Council with permanent members.
Eastern Europe: Stalin agreed to hold free elections in Eastern European countries, though this promise was not fully honored.
Pacific War: Stalin agreed to join the war against Japan after Germany's defeat.
• When: 4 – 11 February 1945
• Where: Yalta (Crimea, Soviet Union)
•Why: To discuss post-war Europe and the defeat of Nazi Germany
• How it impacted History: Set the stage for Cold War tensions and shaped post-war European boundaries and politics.
THE BIG IDEA: During this period, Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan was still undefeated, but cracks were beginning to show in the alliance between the USSR, the United States and the United Kingdom. It was during this period that Cold War tensions were manifested.
Pages to study: pg. 43 – 44 of The Making of the 20th Century World 1940s – 1991 (Unit 2) Look out for the differences between the United States and the Soviet Union, their agreements, disagreements and compromises.
References: ChatGPT, Wikipedia, The Making of the 20th Century World 1940s – 1991 co-authored by Ben Walsh (Hodder Education) and 2261 Syllabus Document.